The Great Texas Science Panic

galaxyshtTexas teachers are terrified.

In the fall, the new Texas school board recommendations require that science concepts be taught at an earlier age. Kindergartners are going to learn about thermodynamics and chemistry, not just dinosaurs (which they usually get wrong, anyway). Through mandated, hands-on experiments. High schoolers are going to study in-depth concepts of science.

[These are the GOOD things to come out of last May's Texas School Board debacle, wherein the board voted on one day NOT to teach "strengths and weaknesses of evolution," engendering a huge sigh of relief from the science community, only to turn around the very next day and vote that “students should have to evaluate a variety of fossil types and assess the arguments against universal common descent (Houston Chronicle, Jan 24, 2009).” See "Texas Enters Enlightenment, Sees Shadow, and Ducks Back Into Dark Ages."]

In yesterday’s Chronicle, a small article described the general feeling of inadequacy and panic that is creeping into school districts over the new rules. As only 73% of 9th graders and 67% of 10th graders currently pass the science portion of the TAKS, they generally teach to the TAKS. Where on earth are they going to throw in more science?

[Did I mention that the TAKS is a minimal competency exam? Did I? The Goth took it last year. Lots of questions about balls rolling downhill. Some calculations where the formula was supplied.]

They’re missing the forest for the trees. If kids grow up knowing about chemistry and thermodynamics, they won’t be so bloody incompetent when they get to high school, and they won’t need all that remedial stuff for the TAKS.

Can you teach chemistry and thermodynamics to a six year old? Absolutely. I’ve done it. Little ones are perfectly capable of understanding basic atomic theory, and that’s where chemistry comes from. Little ones are perfectly capable of understanding Newton’s laws of motion, and that’s where thermodynamics comes from.

Why do we hit them on the head with the atom in middle school? Got me.

On the other hand, maybe it’s because the teachers don’t get it. I mean, they’re panicked about teaching kindergarten science? That’s SO not good.

Over the years, I’ve collected a variety of ideas from the big gun scientists about what should be done about science education. I’ll share two of my favorites.

Brian Green, at the end of “The Elegant Universe,” makes a plea for a change. He thinks science should be taught conceptually, instead of as calculation based courses. All the calculations turn kids off, and they miss the important concepts along the way. You can always look up a formula, but if you don’t get it, then no formula in the world is going to help.

It’s a great idea. But teaching conceptually is harder than teaching a set of calculations. You have to really know your stuff, and since most science teachers do not have science backgrounds, competency is a problem.

PZ Myers, on the other hand, has a different idea. In a Q&A session at a public talk last fall, he was asked what we could do about the dismal state of science education (you can see the talk here–long, but great). His response was surprising–stop teaching science. He said they had to unlearn virtually every student when they got to college. It wasn’t worth it.

Instead, we should teach critical thinking skills, the TOOLS of science.

While I wholeheartedly agree, I can’t wait to see the panic from teachers then. Let alone from the Texas State Board of Education.

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25 Comments

I am totally with Myers. I teach English (at the college level), and the number one problem with my students' writing isn't that their grammar stinks (though it often does). It's that the students have never been asked to THINK. We're examining myth right now, and some students cannot move beyond expressing that a certain theme (love, envy, death) exists within a mythic system.

My answer? "Of course it does, but what is it DOING inside that mythic system? What is being said?"

I teach analysis in all of my classes now. I don't tell my students what to think, but ask questions, more and more and more, until their brains hurt from thinking. But they are so attuned to being given a list of vocabulary, being told what a poem "means" or what some word "symbolizes" and regurgitating that information on a test, that they can't think anymore.

I think the major problem is that most of the teachers have been taught in the same way, and they are replicating systems that simply don't work and are not conducive to critical thinking, analysis, and exploring our world with anything but dim eyes.

Great post. Very thought provoking!

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TheMother Replies:

This stuff absolutely applies to teaching other subjects. English, especially, is littered with archaic stuff that has just "stuck."

I just finished a course on sentence building. The prof spent some time on where the "rules" come from. It turns out that the drivel they teach kids about how to write paragraphs (you know, topic sentence, supporting sentences, strict ideas of numbers of sentences) all comes from a Scottish guy who wrote an essay in 1866, and accepted, uncritically, as gospel ever since.

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I had a science teacher in high school whose answer for everything, even the most basic questions, was "that's a God question". As in, only God would know the answer. Later we found out she had failed science in high school and spent every single morning in his class playing suckup for an hour, begging for extra credit to reach a passing grade… which at that time was 60 percent.

I had nearly perfect scores on my ACTs for reading & math… and barely in the 20s for science.

Science education in this country is BAD. I help with Girl Scouts and we discussed careers last Monday. Which two giant fields were completely ignored? Science & engineering. NONE of them had any concept whatsoever about either of these fields. When I tried to bring it up, the leader was confused and interrupted. The girls remain clueless. Well, all except for mine and the Korean girl whose dad is an engineer. *grinding my teeth* My husband is one of ten or so engineers in his department. Three of them are American citizens. The other seven are from all over the globe. There just aren't that many competent engineers here: it's financially worthwhile for the company to hire international ex-pats at a huge premium rather than Americans. HELLO. Pretty soon, what are we going to have to offer exactly, as a country? I could speculate but I would probably get called names on here again.

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TheMother Replies:

I would point out that the Boy Scouts include science and engineering in virtually all of their stuff. We could easily point to gender discrimination in the math/sciences, which is still rampant even though it's hard to pin down a reason. It seems to be a product, more generally, of cultural values than any inherent bias in education.

On the other hand, one of my sons attends a tech college that turns out lots of serious engineers who can't get jobs in this economy.

The basic truth of your last line is unassailable. Where will we be as a country? Probably stuck in a mire of Oprah and snake oil.

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You know, teaching science in kindergarten does seem hard to swallow BUT it's a good age to get kids excited about science. That's the age where they WANT to learn new things and it fascinates them. My kids are mesmerized seeing water turn into ice and vice versa and stuff like that.

So I think they kinda make a good point.

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I've looked at our local kindergarten curriculum recently (which everyone swears is so rigorous), and my husband and I were quite under impressed. I think it is a great time to introduce science.

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At least in Texas they seem to be talking about it. Here in my resort community, where people look at my techie husband like a space alien, no one seems to be able to bridge the info gap from making robots in middle school to "what am I going to be when I grow up?" I remember my friends and me loving science in first grade – doing experiments and questioning things felt so natural. I collected rocks, bugs and asking "why?" it would have been a great thing to bottle together – the teaching of it and what seemed to be going on in our brains Then the all girls school did their damnedest to trash it.

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@ Wendy & Mother: Where will we be as a country?

Chinese.

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I don't understand. Do they not do the whole volcano eruption thing in Kinder any more? They not only learn about volcanos but chemical rxns… or the milk plant tests? Or even caterpillars to butterflies? Not even the baloon static games? WTH do they teach in Kinder???

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DomesticallyChlnged Replies:

Let's pretend I passed spelling and did not just type "baloon"….

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TheMother Replies:

I think you meant "baboon." Baboon static games would be cool.

The last kid I had in kindergarten did dinosaurs, seasons of the year, shadows, planets.

The dinosaur test was a joke.True or False: Question#1 Dinosaurs are extinct. My kid's answer: False. There are a ton of them in my backyard. It's just that now they have wings and feathers.

Next question: True or false–dinosaurs did not have scales or feathers. Mine answered false again. Feathers are obvious and well documented, and there are a few reports of scaly skin.

I had to take the teacher on.

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DomesticallyChlnged Replies:

Baboons are the new hampster. Best class pet EVER! I'm going to order mine right now. I hear they are on special, you get a free phonics monkey if you order in the next 10 minuets!

That teacher obviously didn't watch Dinosaur Train (PBS Kids' morning show, Thing1's fave) or she would have known all about feathers, scales and our modern day backyard variety.

I just learned today at PS pick-up that our kinder is 2.5 hrs long and they are integrated in the same building as WIC, Head Start, High Risk Nursery and County Mental Health services. NO security and NO barriers btwn the departments… Everyone has the freedom to wander as they please. It's a new thing and there is a meeting and protest about it tonight… I'm thinking the lack of science may end up being the least of my concerns next fall.

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I wish they had taught conceptually when I was a kid. I loved science but the calculations made me fear it at the same time.

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The lack of encouragement in schools in teaching science is something that I'm already seeing in my second grader. She's wonderfully curious, but this school really doesn't seem to do much science at all. She's not even allowed to pick up rocks outside because they're afraid kids might throw rocks. She loves collecting rocks, so this is a hard rule for her to follow.

We love playing with science at home though. The kids had a blast when we did the corn starch and water experiment. Very messy but not as hard to clean as I had feared.

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I would like to point out a fact I did not know until today's chemistry lesson:
Biology is on the Chemistry TAKS test. Our teacher is not happy.

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TheMother Replies:

If you have trouble with the biology exam on a Texas TAKS test, I'm sending you back to remedial science 101.

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Stephanie Barr Replies:

You do realize, don't you, that chemistry and biology are related (ditto, of course, chemistry and physics – you can't do much in the real world without stumbling into chemistry)? Everything from building proteins from amino acids and converting sugar into energy (or, in the case of plants, the opposite) involves chemistry.

Your teacher knows that, doesn't s/he?

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Calculations do not and have never scared me. But, far more people can calculate than can think critically and that's frightening as hell.

I'm favoring Myer's thinking. Truth is, kids come loving to learn, loving to work out complex thinking. You just gotta not squash it.

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TheMother Replies:

So well put. And true. Just don't turn them off, and they want to learn. It's the not turning them off that schools aren't so good at.

We still seem to have the old schoolhouse mentality–hit 'em on the wrists and make it a chore.

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Firstly, I am thrilled to have found your site. It's my new favorite. Secondly, of COURSE we should be teaching science to Kindergartners! Kids that age have such a deep and passionate curiosity about the world–they are BEGGING to be taught science! For example, the questions I have fielded from my 7-year-old since we started homeschooling in January include: "How did the first trees form? How does my body fight the flu? How does the flu shot work? What do anti-bodies look like? How come my tea won't stay hot? What is water made out of? How come we can go inside water?" Evolution, microbiology, thermodynamics, particle physics…they're already asking the questions. We just need to supply decent answers.

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It is shameful to see some of the things that are happening here. Both of my kids started learning about science in kindergarten.

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I've been having an ongoing dispute with my 8th grade daughter's science teacher most of the year. I have a degree in science, and I can't even figure out most of her instructions for assignments and projects.I can't tell is she knows her science because she is such a failure at communication.
I'm helping my daughter in this class (and so far we aren't getting a grade sufficient for our effort.)

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Here they're talking about cutting 15%-20% of teachers and all school nurses, just to keep the schools open.

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"Brian Green, at the end of “The Elegant Universe,” makes a plea for a change. He thinks science should be taught conceptually, instead of as calculation based courses. All the calculations turn kids off, and they miss the important concepts along the way. You can always look up a formula, but if you don’t get it, then no formula in the world is going to help."

It sure is a great idea. If I had learned this way instead of being forced to memorize meaningless calculations, I might have actually LIKED science and . . . maybe even math!

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The TAKS test is the worst thing in the world. They spend all year teaching to it, it drives me crazy. I will be happy to see them introducing science earlier and hope they step up their game in other subjects as well. I get very jealous of my friends who have their kids in private schools that don't have to deal with the nonsense that is TAKS.

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